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Evergreen explainers, guides and comparisons. The reference material that stays true after the news cycle moves on.

Explainers

AI technology explained: the six-layer stack from chips to agents

AI technology is a stack of six layers, from silicon to agents. Each one has its own vendors, its own unit of measurement and its own bottleneck. We walk all six using NVIDIA and Google hardware specs, Epoch AI trend data, two vendor price lists, three papers and two protocol specifications, and name where the top of the stack still falls down.

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